{"id":10192,"date":"2026-09-29T06:11:16","date_gmt":"2026-09-29T06:11:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/?p=10192"},"modified":"2026-10-10T03:49:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T03:49:59","slug":"chi-phi-cap-ben-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/what-is-landed-cost\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n tr\u00ean b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m trong kho c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n \u2014 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi kho\u1ea3n m\u00e0 gi\u00e1 mua th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e2m th\u1ea7m b\u1ecf s\u00f3t. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u00e1o m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb giao nh\u1eadn b\u00e1o m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111ang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hai ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1, v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang l\u00e0 n\u01a1i bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a> bao qu\u00e1t chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m tra. B\u00ean s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb giao nh\u1eadn v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/a>. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh khi container kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container v\u00e0 ph\u00ed l\u01b0u b\u00e3i<\/a>. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 giao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 quy t\u1eafc Incoterms EXW<\/a>. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean container hay d\u00f9ng chung container v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 so s\u00e1nh FCL v\u00e0 LCL<\/a>.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec, c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 l\u00fd do b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 FOB ho\u1eb7c ex-works kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 giao \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t, c\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng thu\u1ebf, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng hai nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p khi b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n l\u1ea1i \u2014 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u<\/a> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u00fac s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u1ed9 ra \u2014 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u00e2m th\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n trong hai c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/h2>\n
\"Xe<\/figure>\n

Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n l\u1ea1i. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat g\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh \u201clanded\u201d, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho. C\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ec1u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd: chi ph\u00ed giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, thay v\u00ec gi\u00e1 mua tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

L\u00fd do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mua h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, trong khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh l\u1eddi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi gi\u00e1 giao h\u00e0ng. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n khi t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh \u2014 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai con s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 \u1edf nh\u1eefng kh\u00e2u ti\u1ebfp theo. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u00e1n l\u1ea1i, bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean con s\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3. T\u00ednh sai con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh; n\u00f3 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch m\u1ecdi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec<\/h2>\n
\"H\u00e0ng<\/figure>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft giao d\u1ecbch. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, theo m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. C\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng \u0111i, d\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng hay \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9. B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kh\u00e1c. Ph\u00ed m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng quan h\u1ea3i quan. Ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea1i ga h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00ed c\u1ea3ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u. V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. V\u00e0, n\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 ph\u00ed th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c chi ph\u00ed ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n b\u1ecb b\u1ecf s\u00f3t c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd h\u01a1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o, v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong gi\u00e1. Ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea1i ga h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn, ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn khi container n\u1eb1m qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u. Ph\u00ed ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, ph\u00ed s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed nh\u1edd thu ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh theo tr\u00ed nh\u1edb thay v\u00ec tra c\u1ee9u theo m\u00e3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Hai kho\u1ea3n trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd. Ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container qu\u00e1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 n\u00e0o v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t sinh. Chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1eadp b\u1ea3ng chi ph\u00ed, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c ri\u00eang, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9. Khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, ph\u1ea7n C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/a> s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho<\/h2>\n
\"B\u00ean<\/figure>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c duy nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n r\u1ed3i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c: chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho b\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, c\u1ed9ng c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, c\u1ed9ng thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, c\u1ed9ng m\u1ecdi kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng quan, c\u1ed9ng chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u2014 sau \u0111\u00f3 chia cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng chi ph\u00ed b\u1ecb sai. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh theo l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra theo t\u1eebng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb. Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n theo m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1ch n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean sai l\u1ec7ch khi m\u1ed9t container ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ec thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong khi c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch. Trong m\u1ed9t container h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao nh\u01b0ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang hai c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5. C\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh CBM v\u00e0 Carton<\/a> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o h\u1eefu \u00edch. Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 theo tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan. Vi\u1ec7c g\u1ed9p hai c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i sai.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 tr\u00f2n<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u1edf m\u1ee9c tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u00fd kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00ec m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00e0 10.000 v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o ri\u00eang l\u00e0 1.200. B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ee9c 0,5 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 56 tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m 11.200. Ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i l\u00e0 150, ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea1i ga h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 280, ph\u00ed m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea3i quan l\u00e0 120 v\u00e0 ph\u00ed giao h\u00e0ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ebfn kho l\u00e0 300. Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, sau khi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh tr\u00ean tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

C\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft cho ra 12.106 tr\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Gi\u00e1 mua l\u00e0 10.000, v\u00ec v\u1eady chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0 2.106 \u2014 cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 21 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m so v\u1edbi h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh tr\u00ean tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 1.000 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 12,11 tr\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Gi\u00e1 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 10,00.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh; m\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 m\u1ee9c 21 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ghi 10.000. B\u00e1o gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb giao nh\u1eadn ghi 1.200. Kh\u00f4ng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sao tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 CIF li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n
\"Container<\/figure>\n

Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. Thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh tr\u00ean tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia quy \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang \u2014 v\u00e0 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf CIF, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m c\u1ed9ng c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, v\u00ec c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i b\u1ea1n th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n thu\u1ebf b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 thu x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan trong c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00ednh tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf CIF \u2014 v\u00ec v\u1eady thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec b\u1ea1n mua theo m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mua theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n CIF ho\u1eb7c CIP, c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n thu x\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m trong tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn tay b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 c\u0169ng chi ph\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh sau khi nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan<\/a> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 M\u00e1y t\u00ednh Thu\u1ebf H\u1ea3i quan v\u00e0 Thu\u1ebf Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u<\/a> \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y cho t\u1eebng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn Incoterms\u00ae 2020<\/a> \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu t\u1eebng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 FCA Incoterms 2020<\/a> v\u00e0 Incoterms 2020 CIF<\/a> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u01a1i chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t theo hai \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u1eeda c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tra c\u1ee9u m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 HTS v\u00e0 HS<\/a> cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia. Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p theo m\u00e3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. H\u00e3y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf n\u00e0o: c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e3 HS<\/a> ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng, c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u00e3 HS<\/a> \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia li\u00ean quan. Khi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t sinh tranh ch\u1ea5p, c\u1ed5ng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ea3i quan c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n; c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Danh b\u1ea1 c\u1ed5ng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ea3i quan<\/a> l\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c cho c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

FOB so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho: v\u00ec sao b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 giao t\u1eadn n\u01a1i<\/h2>\n

Gi\u00e1 FOB cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp l\u00ean t\u00e0u t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 sau th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u00ean kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n FOB, b\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ecf s\u00f3t. Hai nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c FOB nh\u01b0ng giao h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, v\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mua, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gom h\u00e0ng h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecd v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 FOB v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 CIF th\u1ef1c ra kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 \u2014 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00f2n con s\u1ed1 kia th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a khi c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 theo m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 quy \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m. Khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 so s\u00e1nh b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/a> s\u1ebd chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ch\u00fang, c\u00f2n C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i<\/a> s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 con s\u1ed1 giao h\u00e0ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf: hai kho\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb t\u00ednh sai<\/h2>\n

Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u00fang l\u00e0 hai kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau. Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i trong chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho. Thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng khi nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n l\u1ea1i, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t trong hai sai l\u1ea7m. Xem thu\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho b\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1ea3 thi tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. Xem thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n l\u1ea1i trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady s\u1ebd l\u00e0m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn thay v\u00ec m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1eaby th\u1ee9 hai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i theo m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u00e1p m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i, kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m tr\u00ean tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng quy m\u00f4 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i hay kh\u00f4ng \u2014 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n cho h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/a> bao qu\u00e1t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra, c\u00f2n Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/a> chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh danh s\u00e1ch cho t\u1eebng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9<\/a>. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd giao h\u00e0ng xa h\u01a1n c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 ai s\u1ebd l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng quan c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 DAP Incoterms<\/a> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

So s\u00e1nh nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kho thay v\u00ec gi\u00e1 m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/h2>\n

Khi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m \u00fd, thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u00ednh tr\u00ean tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng quan, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho nh\u1eefng ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, hai \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y chi ph\u1ed1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng: mua theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng (EXW) chuy\u1ec3n c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n sang cho b\u1ea1n, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro, trong khi mua theo CIF ho\u1eb7c CIP mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 giao h\u00e0ng duy nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gom h\u00e0ng, v\u00ec ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean container v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng l\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a hai nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 g\u1ea7n nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng l\u1ebb, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n LCL<\/a> x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ebd t\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh, thay v\u00ec t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kho, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ecfi gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 T\u00ednh Gi\u00e1 Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 Bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<\/a> x\u1eed l\u00fd hai l\u1edbp chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00f2a v\u1ed1n MOQ<\/a> tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan: \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m sai l\u1ea7m l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch con s\u1ed1<\/h2>\n

\u2022 D\u00f9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed.<\/strong> H\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n trong chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kho, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi ph\u00ed. T\u00ednh bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n s\u1ebd che khu\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 sau khi h\u00e0ng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u theo tr\u00ed nh\u1edb.<\/strong> Thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf nh\u1edb mang m\u00e1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u00eam d\u1ea5u th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n. H\u00e3y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u00e3 h\u00e0ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/strong> C\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch; thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n g\u1ed9p duy nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd sai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng trong m\u1ed9t container h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh t\u00f9y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/strong> Ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng, ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container t\u1ea1i b\u00e3i, ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho v\u00e0 ph\u00ed s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

\u2022 So s\u00e1nh b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/strong> B\u00e1o gi\u00e1 FOB v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 CIF kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y quy \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh s\u1ebd \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng thay v\u00ec nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp theo<\/h2>\n

H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng chi ph\u00ed t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, r\u1ed3i c\u1ed9ng thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u00ednh tr\u00ean tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u1ea3i quan, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng quan b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thanh to\u00e1n. Chia cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mua h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa hai con s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y s\u1eeda quy tr\u00ecnh thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 s\u1eeda m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u00e3 h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. T\u00e1ch thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thu\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thay v\u00ec th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7. V\u00e0 lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i<\/a> t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p chi ph\u00ed giao \u0111\u1ebfn theo t\u1eebng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 FCA<\/a> v\u00e0 CIF<\/a> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 thanh to\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Khi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 giao h\u00e0ng, chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u2014 xem TradeShield - \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Chi ph\u00ed c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u khi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10191,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"spectra_gs_classes":"[\"\"]","footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-import-costs-customs"],"spectra_custom_meta":{"spectra_gs_classes":["[\"\"]"],"rank_math_internal_links_processed":["1"],"_thumbnail_id":["10191"],"rank_math_title":["What Is Landed Cost? 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cost is what imported goods really cost on arrival. Here is the formula, a worked example, and the lines most buyers leave out of the calculation.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10192"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10349,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10192\/revisions\/10349"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}