{"id":10316,"date":"2026-10-14T14:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T14:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/?p=10316"},"modified":"2026-10-16T06:25:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-16T06:25:01","slug":"phi-luu-container-va-phi-luu-bai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/demurrage-and-detention\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00ed l\u01b0u t\u00e0u v\u00e0 ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ai tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Demurrage v\u00e0 detention l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho container \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u01b0u qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u. Demurrage \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi container v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf b\u00ean trong c\u1ea3ng \u2014 container \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111ang n\u1eb1m trong b\u00e3i thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i. Detention \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi container \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi c\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 \u2014 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng, c\u00f2n h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ed7ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ednh. C\u1ea3 hai kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u do h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a b\u00ean n\u00e0o. Kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00ec thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n th\u1eddi gian bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc cho ph\u00e9p, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m sai \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng quan b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 do l\u1ed7i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ec5, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 xe t\u1ea3i b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n ri\u00eang, nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n sau khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y demurrage v\u00e0 detention l\u00e0 g\u00ec, t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi n\u00e0o, ai cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5, ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1nh ra sao, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00ed ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Demurrage l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/h2>\n
\"G\u00f3c<\/figure>\n

Demurrage l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c container v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng qu\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p. Container \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1 kh\u1ecfi t\u00e0u v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ea3ng trong s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Hai \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 b\u00ean trong c\u1ea3ng \u2014 container v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn giao theo ngh\u0129a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng theo s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua hay th\u1eddi gian th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed s\u1ebd t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n. Th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, sau \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed theo ng\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng theo t\u1eebng b\u1eadc khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u1eb1m l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed theo ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u khi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng quan \u0111\u00e3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn demurrage gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea1t do quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed kinh doanh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o trong bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

Detention l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao hai kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/h2>\n
\"B\u00e3i<\/figure>\n

Detention di\u1ec5n ra theo chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi container \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi c\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 cho h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed d\u00e0nh cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng \u0111ang gi\u1eef container t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n; h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t sinh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi container r\u1ed7ng quay l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, v\u00ec nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 ngay trong ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec hai kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 t\u00ednh, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Demurrage th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng quan \u2014 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb, thu\u1ebf, ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. Detention th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 logistics \u2014 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y container nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp tr\u1ea3 container r\u1ed7ng, ho\u1eb7c b\u00e3i tr\u1ea3 container kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ecbch h\u1eb9n. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1edd khai tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e0u c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00ean l\u1ecbch tr\u1ea3 container c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch giao h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
 <\/th>\nDemurrage<\/th>\nDetention<\/th>\nPh\u00ed l\u01b0u kho t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/td>\nB\u00ean trong c\u1ea3ng, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra<\/td>\nB\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ea3ng, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3<\/td>\nB\u00ean trong c\u1ea3ng, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00ean thu ph\u00ed<\/td>\nH\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, theo bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/td>\nH\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, theo bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/td>\nC\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea3ng, theo bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc ri\u00eang<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td>\nKhi container \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn<\/td>\nKhi container r\u1eddi c\u1ea3ng<\/td>\nKhi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u00ednh ph\u00ed<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0a container ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed5ng c\u1ea3ng<\/td>\nTr\u1ea3 container r\u1ed7ng cho h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/td>\nL\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/td>\nV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i quan ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb<\/td>\nV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch giao h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecbch tr\u1ea3 container<\/td>\nV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i quan ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a chi tr\u1ea3<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng nhau. Demurrage v\u00e0 ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5, do c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00ednh theo c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng chi tr\u1ea3 cho ch\u00fang. Detention l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea1y ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n
\"T\u00e0u<\/figure>\n

M\u1ecdi tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u1eabn ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi demurrage, th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi container \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i khi t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i khi ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua. M\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed trong c\u1ea3 tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i v\u00e0 t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 duy nh\u1ea5t thay v\u00ec hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi detention, th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi container r\u1eddi c\u1ea3ng. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng quan ch\u1eadm, v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian demurrage k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0m r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian detention \u2014 hai \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y do bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, do h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd. \u0110i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n sau khi h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Ai tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i<\/h2>\n
\"B\u00e3i<\/figure>\n

Kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh cho b\u00ean n\u1eafm gi\u1eef h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo booking ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo b\u00ean g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb giao nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ed7, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng: \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb giao nh\u1eadn k\u00fd k\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed \u0111i k\u00e8m, sau \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 cho b\u00ean kh\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa b\u00ean ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd, v\u1ed1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb giao nh\u1eadn v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/a>.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 hai quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ai cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n: \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u00ean g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 CIF<\/a> v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 DAP Incoterms<\/a> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y hai quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0n giao \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i ph\u00ed n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb b\u00ean n\u00e0y sang b\u00ean kia.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi demurrage v\u00e0 detention \u0111i theo chu\u1ed7i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng theo ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t \u0111\u00fang sai. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u00ean n\u1eafm gi\u1eef h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00ean th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u2014 m\u1ed9t tranh lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c, v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u00e1c, theo m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Per diem v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y<\/h2>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef xa l\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Per diem<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, t\u1eeb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ch\u00ednh kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed. Ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container<\/strong>, ph\u00ed l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/strong> v\u00e0 ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container theo ng\u00e0y<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. \u1ede ph\u00eda nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng<\/strong> l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hai h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n t\u1eeb hai t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00ednh ph\u00ed. Khi h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o, b\u00ean n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng hay kh\u00f4ng. Khi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed b\u1ecb khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u1eb1m trong bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5; c\u00e1ch nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do n\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi ph\u00ed giao h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thay v\u00ec coi gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u2014 xem c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00ed h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1edd khai tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e0u c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn.<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean container, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t khi h\u00e0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. T\u1edd khai s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ngay khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1 s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container. C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 HTS<\/a> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9<\/a> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng quan b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 n\u1ebfu x\u1eed l\u00fd mu\u1ed9n.<\/p>\n

G\u1eedi ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang b\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/strong> Khi ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u0103ng c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn sau khi t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. B\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n cho h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7t ch\u1ed7 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ngay khi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ed7 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/strong> L\u1ecbch nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u2014 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u2014 l\u1ecbch h\u1eb9n tr\u1ea3 container r\u1ed7ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi container \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u0111i, v\u00ec ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh do vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 container, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi giao nh\u1eadn th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 xem b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o con s\u1ed1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt; c\u00e1c C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 so s\u00e1nh b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n LCL<\/a> r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e0m ph\u00e1n th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecfi sau khi h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

Demurrage v\u00e0 detention ph\u00e1t sinh sai \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u<\/h2>\n

\u2022 Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian t\u00ednh ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua m\u1edf email. M\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u00ednh ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai bi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Coi hai kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t.<\/strong> Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian t\u00ednh ph\u00ed v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o sai kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed \u2014 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng quan trong khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch h\u1eb9n tr\u1ea3 container \u2014 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Qu\u00ean tr\u1ea3 container r\u1ed7ng.<\/strong> Ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u1ea5t do kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00ean l\u1ecbch tr\u1ea3 container r\u1ed7ng. Giao h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c; tr\u1ea3 container m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u2022 K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a s\u1ebd chi tr\u1ea3.<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh do ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01a1n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng chi tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u0110\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n r\u1ed3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/strong> Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ean b\u1ecb t\u00ednh ph\u00ed, v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho v\u1edbi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container.<\/strong> Hai kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed, hai t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, hai bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5. Thanh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n kia c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/strong> B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec bi\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1edbc quy \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ee9c m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp theo<\/h2>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hai m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian cho m\u1ecdi l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch: th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m container \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1 v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m container r\u1ed7ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb hai ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u1edd khai h\u1ea3i quan, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ecbch h\u1eb9n tr\u1ea3 container \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ean n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 giao h\u00e0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f2n chi ph\u00ed do giao h\u00e0ng tr\u1ec5 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed giao h\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t ri\u00eang c\u00f3 ghi \u201cc\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d \u2014 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i<\/a> cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed do ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, c\u00f2n C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh Thu\u1ebf H\u1ea3i quan & Thu\u1ebf Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i<\/a> \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng quan b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/a> l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu khi container v\u1eabn \u0111ang tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn sau khi container \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1. Khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 giao h\u00e0ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n thay v\u00ec t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang, xem TradeShield - \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0o trong hai kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sai th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

N\u01a1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp theo<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch<\/a> t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, c\u00f2n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u00ean trang d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Demurrage \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 detention \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed7i kho\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec, th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed k\u1ebft th\u00fac khi n\u00e0o, ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i thanh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10315,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"spectra_gs_classes":"[\"\"]","footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10316","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-logistics-freight"],"spectra_custom_meta":{"spectra_gs_classes":["[\"\"]"],"rank_math_internal_links_processed":["1"],"_thumbnail_id":["10315"],"rank_math_title":["Demurrage and Detention: Meaning and Who Pays"],"rank_math_description":["Demurrage is charged while a container sits in the terminal; detention when it sits outside it. 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applies inside the terminal and detention outside it. What each covers, where free time ends, who ends up paying and how the charges are avoided.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10316","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10316"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10316\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10518,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10316\/revisions\/10518"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10315"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10316"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10316"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tradegoai.app\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}